Role of Melatonin and Plant‐Growth‐Promoting Rhizobacteria in the Growth and Development of Plants     

Mahnoor Asif  Arshid Pervez  Rafiq Ahmad 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2019,47(6)

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Assessing Nutrient,Biomass, and Sediment Transport of Drainage Ditches in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(1)

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Rapid Expansion of Melica przewalskyi Causes Soil Moisture Deficit and Vegetation Degradation in Subalpine Meadows          下载免费PDF全文

Fu‐Yuan Gao  Fu‐Xi Shi  Hui‐Min Chen  Xin‐Hou Zhang  Xue‐Yang Yu  Qian Cui  Cheng‐Zhang Zhao 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2018,46(1)

Invasive noxious plants have important impacts on community dynamics and ecosystem functions in grasslands. Since the 1960s, the noxious plant Melica przewalskyi has spread rapidly and formed different size of patches in subalpine meadows of the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China. In this study, the species richness, vegetation structure, and soil water content are investigated from the patch edge to the center in four sizes of M. przewalskyi patches (i.e., small patch, <100 cm in canopy diameter; middle patch, 100–200 cm; large patch, 200–300 cm; and the largest patch, >300 cm). The results show that while the patches grow continuously, the dominant species changes from Stipa krylovii to M. przewalskyi with an increasing trend in plant productivity and decreasing trend in species richness and soil water content. Plant height, density, coverage, and above‐ground biomass of M. przewalskyi population increases from the patch edge to the center in small, middle, and large patches, whereas it is precisely the opposite in the largest patch. Interestingly, soil water content exhibits a decreasing trend from the patch edge to the center in all patches. The results indicate that the rapid spread of M. przewalskyi may well alter vegetation pattern and cause a severe soil moisture deficit, which would further drive the degradation of ecosystem functioning in subalpine meadows.  相似文献   

沉水植物水槽对农村水体净化效果与机制的模拟     

赵建成  杨扬  钟胜强  李锟  陈小刚 《湖泊科学》2016,28(6):1274-1282

实验设计中试水槽装置,模拟研究2种沉水植物轮叶黑藻(Hydrilla nerticillata)和苦草(Vallisneria natans)对农村水体的净化效果,并探讨沉水植物在水体氮、磷去除中的作用.结果显示,沉水植物系统均能显著降低水体中总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮和磷酸盐浓度,去除率分别达到50.5%、84.4%、41.9%和64.6%,且轮叶黑藻组选择20 g/m2,苦草组选择40 g/m2为适种密度.水体流经各串联单元时氮、磷去除负荷存在显著差异,其中总氮、硝态氮、磷酸盐浓度在有植物单元高于无植物单元,铵态氮浓度相反,结合单元内溶解氧浓度、硝化与反硝化细菌总数表明,有植物单元可显著发生反硝化作用,无植物单元可显著发生硝化作用,有无植物串联单元更有利于氮的去除.  相似文献   

鄱阳湖植食越冬候鸟粪便对洲滩湿地薹草枯落物分解过程及碳、氮、磷释放的影响     

张全军  张广帅  万松贤  刘宇  夏少霞  李雅  许策  于秀波 《湖泊科学》2019,31(3):814-824

于2017年1月-2017年6月采用分解袋技术和鸟粪添加试验研究了鄱阳湖湿地植食性越冬水鸟粪便和典型洲滩湿地植物薹草枯落物分解过程中碳、氮、磷释放动态的差异性以及植食性越冬水鸟粪便的加入对鄱阳湖湿地薹草分解过程的影响.结果表明,不同分解时间内薹草枯落物、薹草+鸟粪中薹草枯落物和鸟粪3种样品的干物质损失率和分解速率的差异性都十分显著,其数值都表现为薹草+鸟粪中薹草样品 > 薹草枯落物样品 > 鸟粪样品.鸟粪的加入显著加速了薹草分解进程,使其平均分解速率提升了约21.23%.Olson负指数模型模拟预测显示,薹草+鸟粪中薹草、薹草枯落物和鸟粪样品分解完成50%所需的时间依次为259、314和355天,分解完成95%所需的时间大约依次约为3.1、3.7和4.2年.3种样品碳、氮、磷都表现为净释放模式,其相对回归指数之间差异性也显著.碳相对归还指数都表现为薹草+鸟粪中薹草 > 薹草枯落物 > 鸟粪,氮相对归还指数和磷相对归还指数值都表现为鸟粪 > 薹草+鸟粪中薹草 > 薹草枯落物.本研究推测鸟粪添加给分解环境带来额外的营养物质,使分解者微生物的数量、种类、活性增加以及鸟粪刺激产生了一系列降解酶,如木质素酶、纤维素酶、蔗糖酶等,胞外酶数量和活性增加,是鸟粪促进薹草分解的关键因素,而样品中初始养分含量以及分解过程碳、氮、磷化学计量比的变化是造成其分解速率和养分释放差异显著的主要原因.  相似文献   

Comparing water use patterns of sand-binding species in an alpine semi-arid desert     

Lihui Tian  Huawu Wu  Haijiao Wang  Dengshan Zhang  Xiaofan He  Qiaoyu Wang 《水文研究》2023,37(1):e14798

The processes of species obtaining water resources are crucial to evaluate the adaptability of plantations, which can affect the establishment and survival of restored ecosystems and functions of water-limited ecosystems. However, there are still limitations in understanding water use patterns of different four plantations (Populus sylvestris, Salix cheliophe, Hippophae rhamnoides and Artemisia ordosica) in the Qinghai Lake basin. Stable isotopes of xylem water of four individual species were analysed at different dunes located at the eastern shore of Qinghai Lake in 2018 and 2019. The purpose of this study was to explore potential water sources used by different life form plants, to identify whether the soil moisture content and root distribution determined the plants water use patterns. Results from the Bayesian mixing model MixSIAR showed that all species mainly uses three levels of soil water, but they extracted soil water from different layers in different growing seasons among species. All species primarily depended on water from upper soil layers at the early growing stage, but P. sylvestris and S. cheliophe also absorbed much proportion middle and deep soil layers' water in dry year of 2019. All four species shift to use middle or deep soil layer water rather than shallow water in July with the most rainfall and soil water content (SWC). However, it was only used by P. sylvestris and H. rhamnoides in 2018. In all, seasonal water use pattern of different species was affected by SWC, soil texture and root distribution. Compared with moratorium plantations such as S. cheliophe, mixed afforestation of P. sylvestris and H. rhamnoides maximized of soil water sources absorbed by the plants. The study can shed light on plant–water relationships to facilitate the woody species for afforestation and desertification restoration management in the semi-arid desert ecosystem.  相似文献